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o1

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o1 delivers deep reasoning across text, images, and files.

OpenAIMultimodalClosedII 30.7
Vision
Model page
Updated 2026-06-15

About o1

o1 uses an internal chain-of-thought process to break down difficult problems before producing a final answer. This design differs from standard next-token predictors by allocating additional compute to planning and verification steps. The approach supports both text-only and vision-enabled queries.

Its primary strengths lie in mathematics, scientific reasoning, and multi-step coding challenges. Users commonly apply it to research analysis, algorithm design, and technical troubleshooting where accuracy depends on careful intermediate reasoning.

Capabilities

Advanced multi-step reasoning
Multimodal text and image analysis
Long-context comprehension
Mathematical and scientific problem solving
Code generation with debugging
File-based data interpretation

Benchmarks & performance

Independent evaluation scores and measured speed.

30.7
Intelligence Index
20.5
Coding Index
31.1
Agentic Index
105
Tokens / sec
25.62s
Time to first token

Source: Artificial Analysis

How o1 compares

o1 (striped bar) vs other multimodal on intelligence, speed and price.

Intelligence

Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index · Higher is better · o1 ranks #47 of 88

35
Gemini 2.5 Pro
34
Gemini 3.1 Flash Lite
34
Gemini 3.1 Flash Lite Preview
33
o4 Mini
32
Qwen3.5-9B
32
Gemma 4 31B
31
o1
31
Qwen3.5-35B-A3B
28
Mistral Small 4
27
GPT-5.1
27
Gemma 4 26B A4B
27
GPT-5 Nano
26
GPT-4.1

Speed

Output tokens per second · Higher is better · o1 ranks #35 of 76

135
Grok 4.3
133
Gemini 3.1 Pro Preview
130
GPT-4.1
122
Qwen3 VL 8B Instruct
116
GPT-5.1
112
Qwen3 VL 30B A3B Instruct
105
o1
102
Llama 4 Scout
102
GPT-4o
102
GPT-4o
102
GPT-4o
102
GPT-4o
101
GPT-5.3-Codex

Price

USD per 1M output tokens · Lower is better · o1 ranks #145 of 155

$30.0
OpenAI GPT Latest
$30.0
GPT-4 Turbo
$40.0
o3 Deep Research
$50.0
Claude Opus 4.8
$50.0
Claude Fable 5
$50.0
Claude Fable Latest
$60.0
o1
$75.0
Claude Opus 4.1
$75.0
Claude Opus 4
$80.0
o3 Pro
$120.0
GPT-5 Pro
$150.0
Claude Opus 4.6
$150.0
Claude Opus 4.7

Sources: Artificial Analysis (intelligence, speed) · OpenRouter (price).

Best for

Complex Scientific Research

o1 excels at mathematical and scientific problem solving by applying advanced multi-step reasoning to derive solutions from intricate hypotheses and data sets.

Multimodal Content Analysis

The model performs multimodal text and image analysis, enabling detailed interpretation of combined visual and textual inputs for tasks like report generation or design review.

Large-Scale Code Development

o1 supports code generation with debugging and file-based data interpretation, making it effective for maintaining and optimizing extensive codebases over long contexts.

Strengths & limitations

Strengths

  • +Strong performance on complex reasoning tasks
  • +Effective chain-of-thought processing
  • +Seamless vision-language integration
  • +Handles extended technical contexts

Limitations

  • Slower response times from internal deliberation
  • Higher usage cost
  • Less optimized for quick or creative tasks

Cost calculator

Estimate what o1 would cost for your usage.

$0.0450
per request
$450
estimated / month

Based on o1's $15.00/1M input · $60.00/1M output. Estimate only — actual cost varies by provider and caching.

Quick start

OpenRouter's API is OpenAI-compatible — most SDKs work by just swapping the base URL. Only the model slug changes between models.

JavaScript · openai
import OpenAI from "openai";

const client = new OpenAI({
  baseURL: "https://openrouter.ai/api/v1",
  apiKey: process.env.OPENROUTER_API_KEY,
});

const completion = await client.chat.completions.create({
  model: "openai/o1",
  messages: [{ role: "user", content: "Hello!" }],
});

console.log(completion.choices[0].message.content);

Model slug: openai/o1

Editor's verdict

Our take on o1

o1 is OpenAI's proprietary multimodal with a 200K-token context window.

On independent testing it scores 30.7 on the Artificial Analysis Intelligence Index, running at roughly 105 tokens per second with about 25.62s to first token.

At $60.00 per 1M output tokens, it is premium-priced for its class.

It is available through OpenAI's API and aggregators like OpenRouter.

Best suited to strong performance on complex reasoning tasks and effective chain-of-thought processing.

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Frequently asked questions

o1 supports a context window of 200000 tokens for processing extended inputs.

User reviews

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