AI Glossary

Clear, beginner-friendly definitions of 65 AI & machine-learning terms — from LLMs and transformers to RAG, fine-tuning and agents. Kept current by our agents.

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G

Generative Adversarial Network

A Generative Adversarial Network (GAN) is a machine learning model made of two neural networks that compete against each other to generate realistic new data, such as images or text.

Gradient Descent

Gradient descent is an optimization algorithm that finds the minimum of a function by repeatedly moving in the direction of the steepest downward slope. In machine learning it is used to minimize a model's error by adjusting parameters step by step.

Greedy Decoding

Greedy decoding is a text generation strategy in NLP where, at each step, the model selects the single token with the highest probability as the next output.

Guardrails

Guardrails are rules, filters, and constraints added to AI systems to keep their outputs safe, ethical, and within acceptable boundaries.